Evaluation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in bottled water samples (non-carbonated, mineral, carbonated and carbonated flavored water) in Tehran with MSPE-GC/MS method: a health risk assessment

Abstract Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are dangerous environmental compounds that sometimes found in food. The objective of present study was to measure the level 16 PAHs bottled water samples (non-carbonated or drinking, mineral, carbonated and flavored water) Tehran by using magnetic solid-phase extraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (MSPE/GC–MS) method. limit detections (LOD), quantifications (LOQ) recovery PAH were 0.010–0.210, 0.03–0.700 ?g/L 92.5–103.4%, respectively. results showed mean total 2.98 ± 1.63 µg/L Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) 0.08 0.03 µg/L, which lower than standard US-EPA (0.2 BaP drinking water). Also, our had maximum (4.95 0.8 µg/L) mineral minimum (1.24 µg/L). Monte Carlo method applied calculate Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) Incremental Life Cancer Risk (ILCR) indexes. In all samples, rank order estimated CDI values based on 95 percent percentile F > B(a)A Ace Fl Na Ph B(b)F B(k)F B(a)P P Ac A. cancer risk uncertainty analysis 95th Percentile for waters studied gave permissible 10 ?6 , indicating not pose a serious concern humans.